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| List of 779 scientific articles available | Year |
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| Primates in peril: The significance of Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo for global primate conservation Estrada A., Garber P.A., Mittermeier R.A., Wich S., Gouveia S., Dobrovolski R., Nekaris K.A.I., Nijman V., Rylands A.B., Maisels F., Williamson E.A., Bicca-Marques J., Fuentes A., Jerusalinsky L., Johnson S., de Melo F.R., Oliveira L., Schwitzer C., Roos C., Cheyne S.M., Kierulff M.C.M., Raharivololona B., Talebi M., Ratsimbazafy J., Supriatna J., Boonratana R., Wedana M., Setiawan A. Abstract: Primates occur in 90 countries, but four-Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)-harbor 65% of the world's primate species (439) and 60% of these primates are Threatened, Endangered, or Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017-3). Considering their importance for global primate conservation, we examine the anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk. Habitat loss and fragmentation are main threats to primates in Brazil, Madagascar, and Indonesia. However, in DRC hunting for the commercial bushmeat trade is the primary threat. Encroachment on primate habitats driven by local and global market demands for food and non-food commodities hunting, illegal trade, the proliferation of invasive species, and human and domestic-animal borne infectious diseases cause habitat loss, population declines, and extirpation. Modeling agricultural expansion in the 21st century for the four countries under a worstcase- scenario, showed a primate range contraction of 78% for Brazil, 72% for Indonesia, 62% for Madagascar, and 32% for DRC. These pressures unfold in the context of expanding human populations with low levels of development. Weak governance across these four countries may limit effective primate conservation planning. We examine landscape and local approaches to effective primate conservation policies and assess the distribution of protected areas and primates in each country. Primates in Brazil and Madagascar have 38% of their range inside protected areas, 17% in Indonesia and 14% in DRC, suggesting that the great majority of primate populations remain vulnerable. We list the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future. In the short term, effective law enforcement to stop illegal hunting and illegal forest destruction is absolutely key. Long-term success can only be achieved by focusing local and global public awareness, and actively engaging with international organizations, multinational businesses and consumer nations to reduce unsustainable demands on the environment. Finally, the four primate range countries need to ensure that integrated, sustainable land-use planning for economic development includes the maintenance of biodiversity and intact, functional natural ecosystems. © 2018 Estrada et al. Source title: PeerJ DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4869 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048588060&doi=10.7717%2fpeerj.4869&partnerID=40&md5=40330ebdef868cd72ba7d3ce7931e1d3 Correspondence Address: Estrada, A.; Institute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)Mexico; email: aestradaprimates@gmail.com Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Protected area: Many Main topic: Biodiversity ; Humans ; Environment Subtopic: Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Survey / Monitoring ; Diversity ; Conservation initiatives ; Income-generating activities ; Hunting / Poaching ; Agriculture ; Land use / cover ; Deforestation | 2018 |
| Public Authority and Conservation in Areas of Armed Conflict: Virunga National Park as a ‘State within a State’ in Eastern Congo Marijnen E. Abstract: Much research on nature conservation in war-torn regions focuses on the destructive impact of violent conflict on protected areas, and argues that transnational actors should step up their support for those areas to mitigate the risks that conflict poses to conservation efforts there. Overlooked are the effects transnational efforts have on wider conflict dynamics and structures of public authority in these regions. This article describes how transnational actors increasingly gained influence over the management of Virunga National Park in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and how these actors contributed to the militarization of conservation in Virunga. Most scholarly literature suggests that ‘green militarization’ contributes to the extension of state authority over territory and population, yet this is not the case in Virunga. Instead, the militarization of Virunga translates into practices of extra-state territorialization, with the result that many in the local population perceive the park's management as a project of personalized governance and/or a ‘state within a state’. This article thus argues that it is important to depart from an a priori notion of the ‘state’ when considering the nexus of conservation practices and territorialization, and to analyse this intersection through the lens of public authority instead. © 2018 International Institute of Social Studies Source title: Development and Change DOI: 10.1111/dech.12380 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041704273&doi=10.1111%2fdech.12380&partnerID=40&md5=992d4273cc715b1f878afee3b97213b5 Correspondence Address: Marijnen, E.; University of SheffieldUnited Kingdom; email: e.marijnen@sheffield.ac.uk Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Protected area: Virunga Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Armed conflicts ; Governance / Policy ; Conservation initiatives ; Periphery / Management | 2018 |
| Quantifying local community voices in the decision-making process: insights from the Mount Cameroon National Park REDD+ project Awung N.S., Marchant R. Abstract: One key component in community development is the ability to negotiate and make contentious environmental decisions that have sustainable environmental and livelihoods benefits. This study examines the community voice during the consultation and decision-making process to evaluate if the inclusion of community delegates is meant to legitimise REDD+ or leads to community development. Likert-scale questionnaire, focus-group discussions and interviews were used to collect data from 259 respondents located in 12 villages around Mount Cameroon National Park (MCNP). Results show that the level of local participation in the MCNP-REDD+ project directly relates to both standing and influence granted to the local stakeholders. Although MCNP managers understood community concerns, these concerns are not being addressed. Local community delegates are granted access to discussion forums, but they are not influencing the decision-making process or the design of REDD+ within MCNP. The voice of all stakeholders must be heard to ensure equitable development and socio-environmental legitimacy of projects. A decision-making process that is transparent and familiar to local communities will enhance their confidence to engage in debates as equal stakeholders and ensure that decisions reflect community consent. Capacity building in the decision-making process will empower the community to efficiently engage in consultation, dialogue and transparent forest management decisions. © 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Source title: Environmental Sociology DOI: 10.1080/23251042.2017.1363144 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85040777103&doi=10.1080%2f23251042.2017.1363144&partnerID=40&md5=1c4960faac62f0a768abd9860d0feaf4 Correspondence Address: Awung, N.S.; York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of YorkUnited Kingdom; email: nvenakeng.s@gmail.com Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Cameroon ; Protected area: Mont Cameroun Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Governance / Policy ; Periphery / Management ; Perceptions / Behaviors | 2018 |
| Red list of the endemic and range-restricted vascular plants of Burundi Ntore S., Fischer E., Sosef M.S.M. Abstract: A rigorous and detailed IUCN Red List evaluation of the threat status of the endemic and range-restricted vascular plant species found in Burundi is presented. The assessments are based on herbarium collection data supplemented with field observations and information obtained from literature. They follow the guidelines and criteria developped by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The results show that out of the 135 taxa examined 21 (15%) are of Least Concern (LC) while 110 (82%) are threatened, 2 (1.5%) are Near Threatened (NT) and 2 (1.5%) are Data Deficient (DD). Amongst the threatened, 24 (18%) are Critically Endangered (CR), of which 18 (13%) have received the addition Possibly Extinct (PE), 61 (45%) are Endangered (EN), 25 (18%) are considered as Vulnerable (VU). In addition to the Red List assessments, cach species comes with its correct scientific name, its vernacular name (when available), a brief morphological description, an illustration (photo or drawing), data on habitat and seed or spore dispersal as well as a map showing its distribution. Copyright © 2018. Source title: Scripta Botanica Belgica DOI: Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059625721&partnerID=40&md5=a8349484a6ba36e228584b66ffa09f43 Correspondence Address: Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Burundi ; Protected area: Many Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Plants ; Survey / Monitoring ; Diversity | 2018 |
| Relationships between gastrointestinal parasite infections and the fecal microbiome in free-ranging western lowland gorillas Vl?ková K., Paf?o B., Petrželková K.J., Modrý D., Todd A., Yeoman C.J., Torralba M., Wilson B.A., Stumpf R.M., White B.A., Nelson K.E., Leigh S.R., Gomez A. Abstract: Relationships between gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) and the gastrointestinal microbiome (GIM) are widely discussed topics across mammalian species due to their possible impact on the host's health. GIPs may change the environment determining alterations in GIM composition. We evaluated the associations between GIP infections and fecal microbiome composition in two habituated and two unhabituated groups of wild western lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) from Dzanga Sangha Protected Areas, Central African Republic. We examined 43 fecal samples for GIPs and quantified strongylid nematodes. We characterized fecal microbiome composition through 454 pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Entamoeba spp. infections were associated with significant differences in abundances of bacterial taxa that likely play important roles in nutrition and metabolism for the host, besides being characteristic members of the gorilla gut microbiome. We did not observe any relationships between relative abundances of several bacterial taxa and strongylid egg counts. Based on our findings, we suggest that there is a significant relationship between fecal microbiome and Entamoeba infection in wild gorillas. This study contributes to the overall knowledge about factors involved in modulating GIM communities in great apes. © 2018 Vlcková, Pafco, Petrželková, Modrý, Todd, Yeoman, Torralba, Wilson, Stumpf, White, Nelson, Leigh and Gomez. Source title: Frontiers in Microbiology DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01202 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048592882&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2018.01202&partnerID=40&md5=18406bf7ceaa5d562f57d4d6ad7dd4fa Correspondence Address: Vl?ková, K.; Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences BrnoCzech Republic; email: klari.vlckova@gmail.com Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Central African Republic ; Protected area: Dzanga-Sangha Main topic: Health ; Biodiversity Subtopic: Animal health ; Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Biology / Ecology | 2018 |
| Seasonal Change in Diet and Habitat Use in Wild Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) Hongo S., Nakashima Y., Akomo-Okoue E.F., Mindonga-Nguelet F.L. Abstract: Primates show various behavioral responses to resource seasonality, including changes in diet and habitat use. These responses may be particularly important for species living in large groups, owing to strong competition for resources. We investigated seasonality in diet and habitat use in wild mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), which form some of the largest primate groups, in Moukalaba–Doudou National Park, Gabon. We used a fallen fruit census to measure fruit availability and camera trapping to measure visit frequency by mandrill groups on 11 line transects from January 2012 to November 2013, and collected mandrill feces for 25 months in 2009–2013 to assess their diets. Fruit availability varied seasonally, with a peak in December–February, and a scarce period in March–August. Relative volumes of fruit skin, pulp, and intact seeds in fecal remains varied with fruit availability, whereas feces contained as large a proportion of crushed seeds in the fruit-scarce season as in the fruit-peak season. The relative volumes of woody tissue (e.g., bark and roots) and the number of food types increased in the fruit-scarce season compared to in the fruit-peak season. Camera trapping revealed seasonality in habitat use. In fruit-rich seasons, mandrill visits were highly biased toward transects where fruit species that appeared in the majority of feces in a group were abundant. In contrast, in fruit-scarce seasons, visit frequencies were distributed more uniformly and the relationship with fruit availability was unclear. Our results suggest that mandrill groups in the study area respond to seasonal fruit scarcity by consuming seeds and woody tissue and by ranging more widely than in fruit-rich seasons. These flexible dietary and ranging behaviors may contribute to the maintenance of extremely large groups in mandrills. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Source title: International Journal of Primatology DOI: 10.1007/s10764-017-0007-5 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037672064&doi=10.1007%2fs10764-017-0007-5&partnerID=40&md5=5c5ac0f8ca66901c0374a017cb6845b3 Correspondence Address: Hongo, S.; Section of Ecology and Conservation, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto UniversityJapan; email: hongo.shun.8s@kyoto-u.ac.jp Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Gabon ; Protected area: Moukalaba-Doudou Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Biology / Ecology | 2018 |
| Shifting through the forest: home range, movement patterns, and diet of the eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda Moore J.F., Mulindahabi F., Gatorano G., Niyigaba P., Ndikubwimana I., Cipolletta C., Masozera M.K. Abstract: Populations of the endangered eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are declining throughout their range. Although Nyungwe National Park (NNP) harbors the largest remaining eastern chimpanzee population in Rwanda, we know little about their space use and dietary patterns. We studied home range, movement, and diet of two communities of chimpanzees in NNP using daily tracking data (6:00 am to 6:00 pm) collected from 2000 to 2015. One community, Mayebe, resided in the forest center, and the other community, Cyamudongo, inhabited a forest fragment located about 10 km from the main forest. Home range estimated with the 95% kernel density estimation (KDE) method was 21 km2 for the Mayebe community and 4 km2 for the Cyamudongo community. Chimpanzee home range sizes were smaller during the dry versus wet season and varied monthly throughout the year. The Mayebe community had an average hourly step length of 75 ± SE 5 m with a daily movement range of 987 ± SE 71 m, while the Cyamudongo community had a shorter hourly step length of 52 ± SE 3 m with a daily movement range of 651 ± SE 71 m. Both chimpanzee communities fed primarily on Ficus spp. Other important dietary items included fruits of Symphonia globulifera, Syzygium guineense, and Chrysophyllum gorungosanum for the Mayebe community and Trilepisium madagascariense for the Cyamudongo community. Food choice varied monthly and seasonally for each chimpanzee community. Our study provides the first estimates of home range size and movement parameters for chimpanzees in Rwanda and documents their food habits and seasonal variations therein. We also identified the 50% core home range for each chimpanzee community and suggest this area as the focus of management actions. These results could help park management reduce threats to chimpanzees and other sympatric species by improving the efficiency of ranger patrols. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Source title: American Journal of Primatology DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22897 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050628335&doi=10.1002%2fajp.22897&partnerID=40&md5=3bab5238957e5b57fb1ab2e04652f241 Correspondence Address: Moore, J.F.; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of FloridaUnited States; email: jennmoore924@ufl.edu Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Rwanda ; Protected area: Nyungwe Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Biology / Ecology | 2018 |
| Survey and diagnosis of capital assets and livelihood strategies of households depending on resources of the Luki Biosphere Reserve in the Democratic Republic of the Congo [Enquete et etude de diagnostic des capitaux et strategies d'existence des menages dependants des ressources de la Reserve de Biosphere de Luki en Republique Democratique du Congo] Desclee D., Michel B., Trefoil T. Abstract: Poverty issues need to be addressed in a holistic way. This implies adopting an integrated approach ensuring a multidimensional analysis. This research addresses multidimensional poverty analysis through the concepts of livelihoods and the capital theory. Households' livelihood opportunities are a set of space-time varying assets allocated between five categories of capital (natural capital, human capital, social capital, financial capital and physical capital). Depending on exploitable assets and related behaviors, households make choices to achieve a sustainable life balance. The livelihood approach provides an analytical framework for measuring categories of capital to move towards sustainable development. In the protected area context, such as that of the Luki Biosphere Reserve, people utilize natural resources as income. The Luki Reserve is consequently in the process of an environmental degradation. We have investigated the availability of assets in the Luki Reserve and made links with livelihood strategies by carrying out a survey on 330 households in 14 villages to collect data on the five capitals. Our analysis results show that the studied households depend heavily on the natural resources to which they have access to live. These natural resources explain their level of natural capital and have a positive impact on their level of well-being. But they come to be less and less available because they are under too much pressure. To reduce this pressure, it is necessary to consider coordinated strategies with several capital effects that will have an impact on sustainable development strategies. Interventions must be multidimensional, integrated, inclusive, contextualized and coordinated to be sustainable and supportive to the target populations. © 2009- Bib. des Sciences agronomiques - ULiège.La problematique de la pauvrete doit etre abordee de maniere exhaustive. Cela implique d'adopter une approche systemique pour assurer la multi-dimensionnalite de I'analyse. Cette recherche aborde la pauvrete multidimensionnelle a travers la theorie des capitaux et I'approche des moyens d'existence. Les opportunity's d'existence des menages sont un ensemble d'actifs evoluant dans I'espace et dans le temps, lis sont alloues entre cinq capitaux (capital naturel, capital humain, capital social, capital financier et capital physique). En fonction de ces actifs et de leurs comportements, les menages elaborent des choix pour creer des stocks et atteindre un equilibre de vie durable. L'approche des moyens d'existence offre un cadre analytique pour mesurer les capitaux pour cibler le developpement durable. Dans le contexte d'une aire protegee, comme la Reserve de Biosphere de Luki en Republique Democratique du Congo, les menages ont tendance a utiliser les ressources naturelles comme source de revenu. Les ressources environnementales de la Reserve de Luki sont en train de disparaitre. Nous avons investigue I'accessibilite aux actifs dans la Reserve de Luki et fait le lien avec les strategies d'existence des menages en realisant une enquete sur 330 menages repartis dans 14 villages avec I'objectif de collecter des donnees sur les cinq capitaux. Nos resultats d'analyse montrent que les menages etudies dependent fortement des ressources naturelles auxquelles ils ont acces pour vivre. Ces ressources naturelles expliquent leur niveau de capital naturel et ont un impact positif sur leur niveau de bien-etre. Mais elles viennent a etre de moins en moins disponibles car elles subissent trop de pressions. Pour reduire ces pressions, il faut envisager des strategies coordonnees et ayant des effete sur plusieurs capitaux qui auront alors un impact au niveau des strategies de developpement durable. Les interventions doivent etre multidimensionnelles, integrees, inclusives, contextualisees et coordonnees pour etre durables et favorables aux populations visees. © 2009- Bib. des Sciences agronomiques - ULiège. Source title: Tropicultura DOI: Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85054669212&partnerID=40&md5=5cbbfbaace165cdaa6aa59e066a8b014 Correspondence Address: Desclee, D.; Ecole Regionale Post-Universitaire d'Amenagement, Gestion Integres des ForSts et Territoires TropicauxDemocratic Republic Congo; email: ddesclee@fastmail.fm Language of Original Document: French Access Type: Article Country: ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Protected area: Luki Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Income-generating activities ; Perceptions / Behaviors ; Periphery / Management | 2018 |
| Taxonomic studies on the cricket subfamilies Pteroplistinae, Phaloriinae and Cacoplistinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from the Old World Gorochov A.V. Abstract: A new material on the subfamilies Pteroplistinae, Phaloriinae and Cacoplistinae from the Indo-Malayan and Afrotropical regions of the Old World is considered. Nineteen new taxa of these subfamilies are described: Pteroplistes malaccanus sp. nov. from Malacca, P. borneoensis sabahi subsp. nov. from Borneo, Tramlapiola? bugiamap sp. nov. from Vietnam [Pteroplistinae]; Trellius (Zatrellius) kinabalu sp. nov., T. (Z.) crocker sp. nov. and T. (Z.) tawau sp. nov. from Borneo, T. (Neotrellius) logunovi sp. nov. and T. (N.) simulator sp. nov. from Vietnam, Borneloria spinosa gen. et sp. nov. and B. moorei occidentalis subsp. nov. from Borneo, Phaloria (Papuloria) multa sp. nov. from Sulawesi and a nearest island [Phaloriinae: Phaloriini]; Subtiloria semota sp. nov. and S. succinea korup subsp. nov. from Cameroon, Schizotrypus conradti nigericus subsp. nov. from Nigeria, Afrophaloria Malawi sp. nov. from Malawi, A. dja sp. nov. from Cameroon [Phaloriinae: Subtiloriini]; Homoeogryllus ambo sp. nov. from Ethiopia, H. reticulatus limbe subsp. nov. from Cameroon [Cacoplistinae: Homoeogryllini]. New data on distribution of some other species are also given. © 2018 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scien?es. Source title: Zoosystematica Rossica DOI: 10.31610/zsr/2018.27.1.40 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051692599&doi=10.31610%2fzsr%2f2018.27.1.40&partnerID=40&md5=b666a05a3f1ef5aba97ffe18af166d61 Correspondence Address: Gorochov, A.V.; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Universitetskaya Emb., Russian Federation; email: orthopt@zin.ru Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Cameroon ; Protected area: Korup ; Dja Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Invertebrates ; Taxonomy | 2018 |
| The AfriSAR Campaign: Tomographic Analysis with Phase-Screen Correction for P-Band Acquisitions Wasik V., Dubois-Fernandez P.C., Taillandier C., Saatchi S.S. Abstract: ESA's earth explorer BIOMASS mission is a P-band (432-438 MHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) using a combination of polarimetry and interferometric observations to quantify the vertical structure and biomass of global forests, with the primary focus on tropical forests. The methodology to map the vertical structure of the forest is based on multibaseline tomographic measurements from space. In this paper, we use data acquired by airborne sensors during the AfriSAR campaign in humid tropical forests of Africa to examine the potential of P-band tomographic SAR measurements in estimating forest parameters. We use data acquired by ONERA's P-band SAR system over the Lopé National Park in central Gabon during July 2015 to estimate vertical profiles. In processing the multibaseline data, we develop and implement a phase-screen correction methodology based on recent works by Tebaldini et al. to improve the quality of measurements by removing phase perturbations associated with platform motions and uncertainties in flight trajectories. The vertical structure estimated from the corrected tomographic measurements are then compared with small and large footprint light detection and ranging (Lidar) observations collected as part of the AfriSAR campaign. The results suggest that phase-screen correction can significantly improve the vertical profile of radar backscattered power to match the Lidar observations in detecting ground, vertical vegetation density, and total height of the forests across a variety of forest types and terrain complexity. © 2008-2012 IEEE. Source title: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing DOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2831441 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85047619234&doi=10.1109%2fJSTARS.2018.2831441&partnerID=40&md5=bf873b36571ff4710b9ff86025a99c32 Correspondence Address: Wasik, V.; Department of Electromagnetism and Radar, Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches AerospatialesFrance; email: valentine.wasik@onera.fr Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Gabon ; Protected area: Lopé Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Plants ; Structure / Biomass | 2018 |
| The counterinsurgency/conservation nexus: guerrilla livelihoods and the dynamics of conflict and violence in the Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo Verweijen J., Marijnen E. Abstract: The growing militarisation of nature conservation has refocused attention on the relations between counterinsurgency and conservation. This contribution analyses how these two phenomena entwine in the Virunga National Park, located in the war-ridden east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It examines how this entwinement relates to dynamics of conflict and violence, and how these dynamics shape and are shaped by the livelihood and resistance practices of local inhabitants. As it shows, a particularly important form of resistance is ‘guerrilla livelihood’ activities, or cultivation, (prohibited) fishing and logging within the boundaries of the park, which often take place under the protection of armed groups. By studying the interplay among such unauthorised exploitation of natural resources, different types of conflict, and insurgent mobilisation, it is demonstrated that strict law enforcement and joint operations of the Congolese army and park guards fuel, rather than mitigate, the dynamics feeding into armed mobilisation. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Source title: Journal of Peasant Studies DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1203307 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84980010191&doi=10.1080%2f03066150.2016.1203307&partnerID=40&md5=826622e96de7ca13d700b6cb7f6b9214 Correspondence Address: Verweijen, J.; Nordic Africa InstituteSweden; email: judithverweijen@gmail.com Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Protected area: Virunga Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Armed conflicts ; Periphery / Management ; Income-generating activities ; Governance / Policy | 2018 |
| The genus cola (Malvaceae) in Cameroon’s Korup national park, with two novelties Kenfack D., Sainge M.N., Chuyong G.B., Thomas D.W. Abstract: Background and aims – Cola, the second largest genus of the Malvaceae-Sterculioideae comprises 100–135 small to large tree species confined in nature to African forests, though cultivated elsewhere. Current species distribution ranges show that the genus is highly diverse in the seasonally wet forests along the Nigeria-Cameroon border, including the Korup National Park (KNP). In this paper we examine the diversity and abundance of Cola in KNP compared to other forests for which comparable data are available. We also describe two novelties in the genus. Methods – We used inventory data from a 50-ha permanent plot in southern KNP where all Cola trees and saplings down to 1 cm in diameter were tagged, mapped and identified. Additional collections of the genus came from the 11 km trail leading to the plot. Classic herbarium techniques and field observations were used for the morphological identification and description of specimens at MO and YA and from our personal collections. Cola species richness and abundance was estimated from the plot data and compared to other African forest sites for which comparable data are available. The evaluation of the conservation status of the two new species described in this paper followed the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Key results – Twenty-five species of Cola were identified in the southern part of the KNP, including four undescribed species, raising the total number of Cola species in Cameroon to 46. The abundance of the genus in KNP was three orders of magnitude higher than in the Rabi forest in southwestern Gabon or in the Ituri forest in eastern D.R. Congo. This high species richness and abundance suggests that KNP is part of the center of diversity of the genus. Two new species, Cola zemagoana Kenfack & D.W.Thomas and C. mamboana Kenfack & Sainge are described and illustrated. Both species are only known from the lowland rainforest of southwestern Cameroon. Cola zemagoana is narrow endemic of southern KNP and its conservation status is assessed as Endangered. Cola mamboana is confined to the lowland forests of southwestern Cameroon, is locally very abundant in protected areas and is also assigned the conservation status Endangered. © 2018 Meise Botanic Garden and Royal Botanical Society of Belgium. All rights reserved. Source title: Plant Ecology and Evolution DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2018.1410 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062017148&doi=10.5091%2fplecevo.2018.1410&partnerID=40&md5=784276f3b258c7c554b52c75182d41ad Correspondence Address: Kenfack, D.; Center for Tropical Forest Science–Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, NMNH - MRC 166, P.O. Box 37012, United States; email: kenfackd@si.edu Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Cameroon ; Protected area: Korup Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Plants ; Survey / Monitoring ; Diversity | 2018 |
| The impact of endogenous content, replicates and pooling on genome capture from faecal samples Hernandez-Rodriguez J., Arandjelovic M., Lester J., de Filippo C., Weihmann A., Meyer M., Angedakin S., Casals F., Navarro A., Vigilant L., Kühl H.S., Langergraber K., Boesch C., Hughes D., Marques-Bonet T. Abstract: Target-capture approach has improved over the past years, proving to be very efficient tool for selectively sequencing genetic regions of interest. These methods have also allowed the use of noninvasive samples such as faeces (characterized by their low quantity and quality of endogenous DNA) to be used in conservation genomic, evolution and population genetic studies. Here we aim to test different protocols and strategies for exome capture using the Roche SeqCap EZ Developer kit (57.5 Mb). First, we captured a complex pool of DNA libraries. Second, we assessed the influence of using more than one faecal sample, extract and/or library from the same individual, to evaluate its effect on the molecular complexity of the experiment. We validated our experiments with 18 chimpanzee faecal samples collected from two field sites as a part of the Pan African Programme: The Cultured Chimpanzee. Those two field sites are in Kibale National Park, Uganda (N = 9) and Loango National Park, Gabon (N = 9). We demonstrate that at least 16 libraries can be pooled, target enriched through hybridization, and sequenced allowing for the genotyping of 951,949 exome markers for population genetic analyses. Further, we observe that molecule richness, and thus, data acquisition, increase when using multiple libraries from the same extract or multiple extracts from the same sample. Finally, repeated captures significantly decrease the proportion of off-target reads from 34.15% after one capture round to 7.83% after two capture rounds, supporting our conclusion that two rounds of target enrichment are advisable when using complex faecal samples. © 2017 The Authors. Molecular Ecology Resources Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Source title: Molecular Ecology Resources DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12728 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037375358&doi=10.1111%2f1755-0998.12728&partnerID=40&md5=b81307c3188dac09af2aa3cabad9797a Correspondence Address: Marques-Bonet, T.; Departament de Ciencies Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (Universitat Pompeu Fabra/CSIC)Spain; email: tomas.marques@upf.edu Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Gabon ; Protected area: Loango Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Diversity | 2018 |
| The perceived forms and drivers of forest dependence at Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda Munanura I.E., Backman K.F., Sabuhoro E., Powell R.B., Hallo J.C. Abstract: This paper explores the perceived forms, and drivers of forest dependence at Volcanoes National Park. Using focus group interviews, we explored the perceptions of forest adjacent residents with direct access to conservation incentives, residents with no direct access to conservation incentives, and senior park managers. The paper reveals dominant forms of forest dependence, including, hunting for bushmeat, extraction of bamboo, bean-stakes, grass for cattle feed, and water for domestic use. The paper also reveals the primary drivers of forest dependence, including, food security constraints, and increase in the market demand of forest products. In addition, animal crop raiding was observed to be the main driver of food security constraints at the park. There were several notable variations in the perceptions. While residents attribute forest dependence to food security constraints, park managers attribute it to the increasing demand of forest products, resentment, stubbornness, and lack of jobs. It is argued that varied perceptions between park managers and residents could negatively affect conservation policies. Therefore, active participation of residents in all forms of wildlife conservation is strongly suggested. Several questions for future research are suggested. Notably, could conservation incentives influence increased demand of forest products, forest dependence, and biodiversity loss?. © 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Source title: Environmental Sociology DOI: 10.1080/23251042.2017.1414661 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049856448&doi=10.1080%2f23251042.2017.1414661&partnerID=40&md5=bad8446bf59c4f4fa817d3573b440aa8 Correspondence Address: Munanura, I.E.; Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State UniversityUnited States; email: ian.munanura@oregonstate.edu Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Rwanda ; Protected area: Volcans Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Perceptions / Behaviors ; Periphery / Management ; Conservation initiatives ; Income-generating activities ; Governance / Policy | 2018 |
| The protection of Virunga National Park in the Butembo region (D.R. Congo): "Sustainable development" or "human development"? [La protection du Parc national des Virunga en région de Butembo (R. D. Congo): Développement durable ou développement des populations?] Vikanza P.K. Abstract: An analysis of Virunga National Park, its history, and its contemporary evolution demonstrate that, as regards sustainability, conservation and development need to become interconnected. The violence of the situation studied demonstrates the highly complex stakes and interests involved. Conservation and development are therefore two sides of the same coin and both are required for ensuring the population's well-being. © 2018 CAIRN Belgique. All rights reserved. Source title: Mondes en Developpement DOI: 10.3917/med.181.0057 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85044544912&doi=10.3917%2fmed.181.0057&partnerID=40&md5=4e44fbc2bf6484e9b4a30928bda73982 Correspondence Address: Vikanza, P.K.; Université catholique du Graben, République Démocratique du Congo, Nord-Kivu, Butembo, Faculté des Sciences AgronomiquesDemocratic Republic Congo; email: vipkatembo@gmail.com Language of Original Document: French Access Type: Review Country: ; Democratic Republic of Congo ; Rwanda ; Burundi ; Protected area: Virunga Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Periphery / Management ; Conservation initiatives ; Income-generating activities ; Armed conflicts | 2018 |
| The quality and performance nexus of the community-based ecotourism enterprises at Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda: a total quality management perspective Munanura I.E., Tumwesigye B., Sabuhoro E., Mariza D., Rugerinyange L. Abstract: Community-based ecotourism enterprises (CEEs) are emerging as mechanisms for integrated and sustainable conservation of wildlife in developing countries. As such, they are substantially supported by local and international organizations promoting integrated conservation and development. However, the performance of CEEs remains inadequate. This paper evaluates the influence of quality improvement on the performance of CEEs, from a total quality management (TQM) perspective. Data were collected from three CEEs neighboring Nyungwe National Park in Rwanda. The findings revealed critical TQM practices for CEEs’ performance, including training, benchmarking, employee empowerment, performance measurement and adapting the TQM philosophy in the CEE’s vision. In addition, this study makes a new contribution to the application of TQM in small and medium organizations. It identifies benchmarking and employee empowerment as two new dimensions of TQM practices, which are critical for the performance of small and medium organizations. To improve the performance of CEEs, we call for an integrated approach in the application of the proposed TQM practices at every stage of CEEs’ functioning. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Source title: Journal of Ecotourism DOI: 10.1080/14724049.2017.1304945 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015940413&doi=10.1080%2f14724049.2017.1304945&partnerID=40&md5=8c9e490521c377f7084d764ea1478150 Correspondence Address: Munanura, I.E.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, United States; email: ian.munanura@oregonstate.edu Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Rwanda ; Protected area: Nyungwe Main topic: Humans Subtopic: Tourism ; Periphery / Management ; Conservation initiatives | 2018 |
| The relationship between the abundance of the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) and its habitat: A conservation concern in Mbam-Djerem National Park, Cameroon Kamgang S.A., Bobo K.S., Maisels F., Ambahe R.D.D., Ambassa Ongono D.E., Gonder M.K., Johnson P., Marino J., Sinsin B. Abstract: Background: Understanding the relationship between great apes and their habitat is essential for the development of successful conservation strategies. The chimpanzee Pan troglodytes ellioti is endemic to Nigeria and Cameroon, and occupies an ecologically diverse range of habitats from forests to forest-savannah mosaic in Mbam-Djerem National Park (MDNP) in Cameroon. The habitat variation in chimpanzees is poorly understood in MDNP which provides an excellent opportunity to assess ecological factors that shape the abundance and distribution patterns of P. t. ellioti over a small geographic scale. Results: We counted 249 nests along 132km of transects in total. Of these, 119 nests along 68km occurred in dense forest and 130 nests along 64km in forest-savannah mosaic. Chimpanzee density was 0.88 [95% CI (0.55-1.41)] individuals/km2 in the dense forest and 0.59 [95% CI (0.19-1.76)] in the forest-savannah mosaic. Nest abundance varied with vegetation type and was higher in areas with dense canopy cover, steeper slopes and relatively higher altitudes. Conclusions: Our estimates of chimpanzee densities were lower than reported in other studied populations in the range of the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee. However, we found that habitat features, slope and altitude likely play a role in shaping patterns of chimpanzee nesting ecology. Further studies need to be focused on nest decay rates and phenology of useful plants in order to model chimpanzee abundance and distribution in Mbam-Djerem National Park. © 2018 The Author(s). Source title: BMC Ecology DOI: 10.1186/s12898-018-0199-3 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85054128510&doi=10.1186%2fs12898-018-0199-3&partnerID=40&md5=ecea184b2e9dc87a1082f02daf819af6 Correspondence Address: Kamgang, S.A.; Face aéroport international de Garoua, Garoua Wildlife School, P.O. Box 271, Cameroon; email: sergekamgang@gmail.com Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Cameroon ; Protected area: Mbam Djerem Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Vertebrates ; Mammals ; Primates ; Abundance ; Biology / Ecology | 2018 |
| The tropical African genus Morgenia (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) with emphasis on the spur at the mid tibia Massa B., Heller K.-G., Warcha?owska-?liwa E., Moulin N. Abstract: The authors revised the genus Morgenia Karsch, 1890 which now consists of eight species, of which three are here newly described (Morgenia plurimaculata Massa & Moulin, sp. n., M. angustipinnata Massa, sp. n., and M. lehmannorum Heller & Massa, sp. n.). Six of the eight species occur in the Tri National Sangha (TNS) comprising Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve and Dzanga Ndoki National Park (Central African Republic), whose high biodiversity has been recently highlighted. In particular the genus is characterised by the presence of a more or less long spur at the inner mid tibia, different in each species; in M. modulata, it moved lower down into a new position at about 1/4 of tibia, which has a hollow underneath where the rest of the spur remains hidden. This is a unique known case in Phaneropterinae. Morphological characters distinguishing males of different species are presented. Bioacoustics of the new species M. lehmannorum are described. The patterns of the chromosome evolution in M. lehmannorum differ from other investigated African Phaneropterinae in terms of chromosome number and morphology, reduced ancestral chromosome number (2n = 25) implying a more derived condition. © Bruno Massa et al. Source title: Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift DOI: 10.3897/dez.65.26693 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056358238&doi=10.3897%2fdez.65.26693&partnerID=40&md5=557f070326ff2495240c759188e8e028 Correspondence Address: Massa, B.; Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale Scienze Bd. 5A, Italy; email: bruno.massa@unipa.it Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Central African Republic ; Gabon ; Protected area: Dzanga-Ndoki ; Lopé Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Invertebrates ; Taxonomy | 2018 |
| To the knowledge of the genus Gephyrazetes (Acari, Oribatida, Mochlozetidae) Ermilov S.G., Starý J. Abstract: The oribatid mite genus Gephyrazetes (Oribatida, Mochlozetidae) is recorded for the first time in the Ethiopian region; one new species is described from soil and litter of Korup National Park in Cameroon. Gephyrazetes umukusumae sp. nov. differs from G. fasciatus Hirauchi, 1999 by the larger body size, truncate lamellar cusps, setiform bothridial setae, very small notogastral porose areas, paraanal position of adanal lyrifissures, presence of four pairs of genital setae and tuberculate lateral parts of prodorsum, and absence of dorsosejugal and sublamellar porose areas. Revised generic diagnosis and the data on distribution and ecology of Gephyrazetes species are presented. Source title: Ecologica Montenegrina DOI: Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042038329&partnerID=40&md5=50b48d0947ece29cc5d8f2ca4879557d Correspondence Address: Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Cameroon ; Protected area: Korup Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Animals ; Invertebrates ; Taxonomy | 2018 |
| Towards effective monitoring of tropical phenology: maximizing returns and reducing uncertainty in long-term studies Bush E.R., Bunnefeld N., Dimoto E., Dikangadissi J.-T., Jeffery K., Tutin C., White L., Abernethy K.A. Abstract: Phenology is a key component of ecosystem function and is increasingly included in assessments of ecological change. We consider how existing, and emerging, tropical phenology monitoring programs can be made most effective by investigating major sources of noise in data collection at a long-term study site. Researchers at Lopé NP, Gabon, have recorded monthly crown observations of leaf, flower and fruit phenology for 88 plant species since 1984. For a subset of these data, we first identified dominant regular phenological cycles, using Fourier analysis, and then tested the impact of observation uncertainty on cycle detectability, using expert knowledge and generalized linear mixed modeling (827 individual plants of 61 species). We show that experienced field observers can provide important information on major sources of noise in data collection and that observation length, phenophase visibility and duration are all positive predictors of cycle detectability. We find that when a phenological event lasts >4 wk, an additional 10 yr of data increases cycle detectability by 114 percent and that cycle detectability is 92 percent higher for the most visible events compared to the least. We also find that cycle detectability is four times as high for flowers compared to ripe fruits after 10 yr. To maximize returns in the short-term, resources for long-term monitoring of phenology should be targeted toward highly visible phenophases and events that last longer than the observation interval. In addition, programs that monitor flowering phenology are likely to accurately detect regular cycles more quickly than those monitoring fruits, thus providing a baseline for future assessments of change. © 2018 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation Source title: Biotropica DOI: 10.1111/btp.12543 Link: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048032057&doi=10.1111%2fbtp.12543&partnerID=40&md5=6733d92ab234b60efe84545d3f0fb70c Correspondence Address: Bush, E.R.; Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of StirlingUnited Kingdom; email: e.r.bush@stir.ac.uk Language of Original Document: English Access Type: Article Country: ; Gabon ; Protected area: Lopé Main topic: Biodiversity Subtopic: Plants ; Biology / Ecology | 2018 |
Documentation
[English below]
Cette base de données rassemble les articles scientifiques publiés dans des revues scientifiques internationales entre 2011 et 2020, au sujet d’une ou plusieurs aires protégées dans les dix pays d’Afrique centrale. De nombreuses données ont été réunies pour chacune de ces publications : titre, auteurs, revue, lien de téléchargement, adresse e-mail de l’auteur correspondance, langue du document, accès libre ou non, pays, aire(s) protégée(s) concernée(s), sujets principaux et secondaires.
Il s’agit d’un outil de recherche qui vous permet d’afficher les références selon cinq critères :
- Le nom de l’auteur ;
- Le pays ;
- L’aire protégée ;
- Le sujet principal ;
- Les sujets secondaires.
Pour toute question ou tout renseignement lié à cet outil, vous pouvez contacter Simon LHOEST par e-mail à l’adresse simlho@hotmail.com.
Bonne recherche !
[English]
This database gathers scientific articles published in international scientific journals between 2011 and 2020, about one or more protected areas in the ten Central African countries. Many data have been gathered for each of these publications: title, authors, journal, download link, e-mail address of the corresponding author, language of the document, open access or not, country, protected area(s), main and secondary topics.
It is a search tool that allows you to display the references according to five criteria:
- The name of the author;
- The country;
- The protected area;
- The main subject;
- The secondary subjects.
For any question or information related to this tool, you can contact Simon LHOEST by e-mail at simlho@hotmail.com.
Have a good search!