Written by a diverse group of research professionals, Postharvest Decay: Control Strategies is aimed at a wide audience, including researchers involved in the study of postharvest handling of agricultural commodities, and undergraduate and graduate students researching postharvest topics. Growers, managers, and operators working at packinghouses and storage, retail, and wholesale facilities can also benefit from this book. The information in this book covers a wide range of topics related to selected fungi, such as taxonomy, infection processes, economic importance, causes of infection, the influence of pre-harvest agronomic practices and the environment, the effect of handling operations, and the strategic controls for each host-pathogen, including traditional and non-traditional alternatives.
Dans cet ouvrage, Ludivine Lassois a participé à la rédaction du chapitre suivant :
Lassois L., de Lapeyre de Bellaire L.
- Abstract
- Crown rot is a complex postharvest disease which affects export bananas in all banana-producing countries. A wide range of organisms are involved in crown rot of bananas but Colletotrichum musae is frequently considered as the most commonly isolated fungus and the most pathogenic one. Usually invisible when the fruits are packed for transportation from tropical countries to distant destinations, disease symptoms occur during shipment, ripening, and storage. This disease, characterized by rot and necrosis, affects tissues joining the fingers with each other, called the crown. It may reach the pedicel and even the banana pulp when crown rot is severe. Losses from 10% to 86% have been recorded for treated and untreated bananas, respectively. In most banana-growing areas, crown rot is principally controlled by postharvest fungicide treatments, but alternative control methods are being sought because of: (1) the emergence of resistance to some commonly used fungicides; (2) environmental problems linked to dumping of fungicide mixtures used at packing stations; and (3) consumer aversion to chemical residues in food. Important variations of both the severity of the damage and the nature of the complex are observed, depending on various pre- and postharvest factors. More specifically, the preharvest factors influence the parasitic and the physiological component of the fruit quality potential at harvest. The physiological component is defined as the sensitivity of the fruits to crown rot, and the parasitic component reflects the capacity of the parasitic complex to induce a level of disease. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge on crown rot disease and associated control measures which must be considered throughout the production channel in order to be effective as an integrated control strategy. The pre- and postharvest factors that favor infection are also discussed.
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